Which empire started as city-states and expanded under Alexander the Great, stretching from the Indus River to Egypt?

Which empire started as city-states and expanded under Alexander the Great, stretching from the Indus River to Egypt?

• A. Roman Empire
• B. Indus Valley
• C. Greek Empire
• D. Chinese Empire

Answer: (C)

The idea being tested is how a culture that began as independent city-states grew into a vast, unified empire through conquest. In ancient Greece, political life was organized around city-states—small, self-governing communities like Athens and Sparta. When Alexander the Great, ruling Macedon, expanded his realm, he brought these diverse city-states under one rule and pushed his armies from the shores of Greece and Egypt all the way to the Indus River. This created a huge imperial span and spread Greek language, art, and ideas across the conquered lands, a period scholars call the Hellenistic world. That’s why the Greek Empire is the best fit: it reflects the transformation from fragmented city-states to a single, expansive domain driven by Alexander’s conquests from Egypt to the Indus. The other options don’t match the idea of a Greek-led expansion tied to Alexander’s campaigns.

The idea being tested is how a culture that began as independent city-states grew into a vast, unified empire through conquest. In ancient Greece, political life was organized around city-states—small, self-governing communities like Athens and Sparta. When Alexander the Great, ruling Macedon, expanded his realm, he brought these diverse city-states under one rule and pushed his armies from the shores of Greece and Egypt all the way to the Indus River. This created a huge imperial span and spread Greek language, art, and ideas across the conquered lands, a period scholars call the Hellenistic world.

That’s why the Greek Empire is the best fit: it reflects the transformation from fragmented city-states to a single, expansive domain driven by Alexander’s conquests from Egypt to the Indus. The other options don’t match the idea of a Greek-led expansion tied to Alexander’s campaigns.